The Islamic Caliphate was the government and the Islamic empire that existed since the time of ar-Rasul صلى الله عليه وسلم until it collapsed in 1924, following the fall of the Turkish Ottoman Caliphate. The fall of the Caliphate indirectly became a catalyst for the process of Tajdid to take place on account of the awareness of the Ummah to return to the comprehensive faith and practice of Islam. The fall of the Caliphate also led to the emergence of Islamic movements and leaders of Tajdid who sacrificed to re-establish the Fikrah and the understanding of Islam as taught by ar-Rasul صلى الله عليه وسلم . However, the processes of Tajdid chosen were still incapable of changing the situation of the Ummah and many Muslims are still under the influence of Western ideologies and systems that generally deviated the Ummah from the demands of the Shari’a.
